Illustrations of Roman Londonsubscribers, and not published, 1859 - 177 páginas |
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Página 83 - I have now traced these potteries to an extent of upwards of twenty miles.* They are principally confined to the gravel beds on the banks of the Nen and its tributary streams ; the clay used at some of them appears to have been collected at some little distance from the works. The kilns are all constructed on the same principle. A circular hole was dug, from three to four feet deep, and four in diameter, and walled round to the height of two feet. A furnace, one-third of the diameter of the kiln...
Página 85 - Ornamenting with figures of animals was effected by means of sharp and blunt skewer instruments and a slip of suitable consistency. These instruments seem to have been of two kinds : one thick enough to carry sufficient slip for the nose, neck, body, and front thigh; the other of a more delicate kind, for a thinner slip for the tongue, lower jaws, eye, fore and hind legs, and tail. There seems to have been no retouching after the slip trailed from the instrument.
Página 84 - I discovered a curiouslyconstructed furnace, of which I have never before or since met with an example. Over it had been placed two circular earthen fire vessels (or cauldrons) ; that next above the furnace was a third less than the other, which would hold about eight gallons. The fire passed partly under both of them, the smoke escaping by a smoothly -plastered flue, from seven to eight inches wide.
Página 82 - The mode of manufacturing the bricks of which these kilns are made, is worthy of notice. The clay was previously mixed with about one-third of rye in the chaff, which, being consumed by the fire, left cavities in the room of the grains. This might have been intended to modify expansion and contraction, as well as to assist the gradual distribution of the colouring vapour. The mouth of the furnace and top of the kiln were no doubt stopped ; thus we find every part of the kiln, from the inside wall...
Página 84 - They were first carefully loose-packed with the articles to be fired, up to the height of the side walls. The circumference of the bulk was then gradually diminished, and finished in the shape of a dome. As this arrangement progressed, an attendant seems to have followed the packer, and thinly covered a layer of pots with coarse hay or grass. He then took some thin clay, the size of his hand, and laid it flat on the grass upon the vessels ; he then placed more grass on the edge of the clay just laid...
Página 84 - ... pieces as when laid on in a plastic state ; and thus the danger in breaking the coat to obtain the contents of the kiln could be obviated.
Página 19 - ... feet, cemented with the well-known compound of quicklime, sand, and pounded tile. Upon this solid substructure was laid the body of the wall, formed of ragstone, flint, and lime, bonded at intervals with courses of plain and curved-edged tiles. This wall continued, with occasional breaks, where at some remote time it had been broken down, from Lambeth Hill as far as Queenhithe. On a previous occasion I had noticed a wall precisely similar in character in Thames Street, opposite Queen Street....
Página 84 - Upon this pedestal and side wall the floor of the kiln rests. It is formed of perforated angular bricks, meeting at one point in the centre. The furnace is arched with bricks moulded for the purpose. The side of the kiln is constructed with curved bricks set edgeways in a thick slip* of the same material to the height of two feet.
Página 84 - They contained some perfect vessels and many fragments. It is probable they had covers, and I am inclined to think were used for glazing peculiar kinds of the immense quantities of ornamented ware made in this district. Its contiguity to one of the workshops in which the glaze (oxide of iron) and some other pigments were found, confirms this opinion.
Página 83 - ... by the appearance of the clay wrappers of the dome of the kiln. It should be remarked, that this colour is so volatile, that it is expelled by a second firing in an open kiln. ' I have now traced these potteries to an extent of upwards of twenty miles.* They are principally confined to the gravel beds on the banks of the Nen and its tributary streams ; the clay used at some of them appears to have been collected at some liitle distance from the works.