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DA. loquere matris nomen hic quid in securicula siet.
PA. Daedalis. DA. di me servatum cupiunt. Gr. at me

perditum.

DA. filiam meam esse hánc oportet, Gripe. Gr. sit per me quidem.

qui te di omnes perdant, qui me hodie oculis vidisti tuis, meque adeo scelestum, qui non circumspexi centiens, priu' me ne quis inspectaret quam rete extraxi ex aqua ! PA. post sicilicula argenteoļa et duae conexae maniculae et sucula-Gr. quin tu i derecta cum sucula et cum porculis. PA. et bulla aurea est pater quam dedit mi natali die. DA. ea est profecto. contineri quin complectar non queo. filia mea, salve. ego is sum qui te produxi pater, ego sum Daemones et mater tua eccam hic intus Daedalis. PA. salve, mi pater insperate. DA. salve. ut te amplector lubens!

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80

TR. volup est quom istuc ex pietate vostra vobis contigit. DA. capedum, hunc si potes fer intro vidulum, age, Trachalio. 85 TR. ecce Gripi scelera ! quom istaec res male evenit tibi, Gripe, gratulor. Da. age eamus, mea gnata, ad matrem tuam, quae ex te poterit argumentis hanc rem magis exquirere, quae te magi' tractavit magi'que signa pernovit tua.PA. intro eamus omnes, quando óperam promiscam damus. sequere me, Ampelisca. -Ам. quom te dí amant voluptati est mihi.

90

Gr. sumne ego scelestus qui illunc hodie excepi vidulum ? aut quom excepi, qui non alicubi in solo apstrusi loco ? credebam edepol turbulentam praedam eventuram mihi, quia illa mihi tam turbulenta tempestate evenerat.

95

credo edepol ego illic inesse argenti et auri largiter. quid meliust quam ut hinc intro abeam et me suspendam clanculum,

saltem tantisper dum apscedat haec a me aegrimonia ?

PLAUTUS, Rudens Iv. iv. 1093 sqq. (Circ. 200 в. с.)

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§6

Brother and Sister quarrel over the Looking-glass.

PRAECEPTO monitus saepe te considera.

Habebat quidam filiam turpissimam,

idemque insignem pulchra facie filium.
hi speculum, in cathedra matris ut positum fuit,
pueriliter ludentes forte inspexerunt.
hic se formosum iactat; illa irascitur,
nec gloriantis sustinet fratris iocos,
accipiens (quid enim ?) cuncta in contumeliam.
ergo ad patrem decurrit laesura invicem,
magnaque invidia criminatur filium,
vir natus quod rem feminarum tetigerit.
amplexus ille utrumque et carpens oscula
dulcemque in ambos caritatem partiens,
'Cotidie' inquit ' speculo vos uti volo,
tu formam ne corrumpas nequitiae malis,
tu faciem ut istam moribus vincas bonis'.

Phaedrus, Fabulaeiii. 8. (Circ. A. D. 35.)

§ 7

The Discretion of the Young Papirius.

A Roman boy, placed on his honour, refuses to tell political secrets, even to his mother and at her urgent request.

M

OS

antea senatoribus Romae fuit, in curiam cum praetextatis filiis introire. tum, cum in senatu res maior quaepiam consultata eaque in diem posterum prolata est placuitque ut eam rem quam tractavissent, ne quis enuntiaret priusquam 5 decreta esset, mater Papirii pueri, qui cum parente suo in curia fuerat, percontata est filium, quidnam in senatu patres egissent. puer respondit, tacendum esse neque id dici licere. mulier fit audiendi cupidior; secretum rei et silentium pueri

animum eius ad inquirendum incendit: quaerit igitur violentius.

ΙΟ

Tum puer, matre urgente, lepidi atque festivi mendacii consilium capit. actum in senatu dixit, utrum videretur utilius exque republica esse, unusne ut duas uxores haberet, an ut una apud duos nupta esset. hoc illa ubi audivit, animus compavescit, domo trepidans egreditur ad ceteras matronas. 15 pervenit ad senatum postridie matrum familias caterva. lacrimantes atque obsecrantes orant, una potius ut duobus nupta fieret quam ut uni duae. senatores ingredientes in curiam quae illa mulierum intemperies et quid sibi postulatio istaec vellet mirabantur.

20

Puer Papirius in medium curiae progressus, quid mater audire institisset, quid ipse matri dixisset, rem sicut fuerat, denȧrrat. senatus fidem atque ingenium pueri approbat, consultum facit uti posthac pueri cum patribus in curiam ne introeant, praeter ille unus Papirius; atque puero postea 25 cognomen honoris gratia inditum Praetextatus' ob tacendi loquendique in aetate praetextae prudentiam.

6

AULUS GELLIUS, Noctes Atticae i. 23. (Circ. A. D. 160.)

$ 8

The artificial needs of man's children-nurses, rattles, variety of clothing, Sc.-never felt by the offspring of that sturdy and beautiful mother, Nature.

TVM porro puer, ut saevis proiectus ab undis

ΤΥ

navita, nudus humi iacet, infans, indigus omni
vitali auxilio, cum primum in luminis oras
nixibus ex alvo matris natura profudit,
vagituque locum lugubri complet, ut aequumst
cui tantum in vita restet transire malorum.
at variae crescunt pecudes armenta feraeque
nec crepitacillis opus est nec cuiquam adhibendast
almae nutricis blanda atque infracta loquela

nec varias quaerunt vestis pro tempore caeli,

5

IO

5

10

15

denique non armis opus est, non moenibus altis,
quis sua tutentur, quando omnibus omnia large
tellus ipsa parit naturaque daedala rerum.

S

I.UCRETIUS, V. 222-34. (Circ. 60 в.с.)

§9

Unpleasant Medicine.

For a simile of the same kind cf. IV. 4 and VI. 1, 11. 24-7.
ED veluti pueris absinthia taetra medentes
cum dare conantur, prius oras pocula circum
contingunt mellis dulci flavoque liquore,
ut puerorum aetas improvida ludificetur
labrorum tenus, interea perpotet amarum
absinthi laticem deceptaque non capiatur,
sed potius tali pacto recreata valescat,
sic ego nunc, quoniam haec ratio plerumque videtur
tristior esse quibus non est tractata, retroque
vulgus abhorret ab hac, volui tibi suaviloquenti
carmine Pierio rationem exponere nostram
et quasi musaeo dulci contingere melle,
si tibi forte animum tali ratione tenere

versibus in nostris possem, dum perspicis omnem
naturam rerum qua constet compta figura.

V

LUCRETIUS, i. 936-50.

AMUSEMENTS AND PETS

THE popular and elusive subject of a nation's amusements is not reflected much in the pages of its literature. Two modern types of amusement were popular with the Romans, ball-games and horse-racing. The former, which they borrowed from the Greeks, were not of a type that would appeal much to Northern nations, who play in an invigorating climate instead of a dusty heat. Roman ball-games, however, were very varied, and included at least one type of football. Becker's Gallus should be consulted. Note Pliny's tennis-court (II. 4) and Virgil's account of rustic sports (V. 8).

Horse-racing had little of the modern spirit of sport, just as much partisanship and betting as is prevalent now, and an element of real danger. Collisions and horrible accidents appealed to the Latin temperament, and, as even they failed to provide enough blood, horse-racing could never compete with prize-fighting, gladiatorial shows, and beast fights in the popular esteem. In the section which deals with public shows and games, however, evidence will be found that the more refined Romans, like Cicero, spurned the coarser elements. But popular sympathy, then as now, was overpowering; and it is a relief to turn to their gentler hobbies, their love of animals and domestic pets, and the cultured amusements of their literary men.

§ I

A Favourite Yacht.

Compare R. L. Stevenson's beautiful little poem, 'The Canoe speaks':

'On the great streams the ships may go

About men's business to and fro.

But I, the egg-shell pinnace, sleep

On crystal waters ankle-deep.'... &c.

HAT you see there, friends, yonder boat
Boasts that it was the fastest yacht,

W

And never a timber now afloat

It could not race past, whether or not

Past,

It needed oars or sails to fly.

5

This lowering Adriatic's coasts

And Cyclad Isles could not deny,

Proud Rhodes, or barbarous Thrace, it boasts,

Propontis or rude Pontic sea;

Where, what was after boat, of yore

10

Was leafy wood, and rustled free
Its whispering foliage on Cytore.
Pontic Amastris and box-crowned

Cytore, the boat says it was thine,

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