PREFACE 1 I have appended sundry genealogical and chronological tables 1 (with an index 2) in illustration of the numerous historical allusions in Dante's works. Also, for the convenience of those who do not happen to be provided with the Oxford Dante, I have given an index of first lines (in both alphabetical and numerical order) in the Canzoniere 3, and comparative tables of the chapterdivisions in the De Monarchia adopted respectively in the editions of Witte (followed by the Oxford Dante), Fraticelli, and Giuliani. I have, further, to facilitate reference, supplied an index of such English or Anglicised names as differ in form from the Italian or Latin, with cross-references to the latter 5, e. g. Apulia [Puglia], Elbe [Albia], Ephialtes [Fialte], Jesse [Isai], Phaëthon [Fetonte], Uzzah [Oza], and the like. The idea of this work was originally suggested by the Vocabolario Dantesco of L. G. Blanc 6. This invaluable handbook, however, deals with the Divina Commedia only, and, as its title implies, includes the vocabulary of the poem as well as the articles (necessarily very brief) on the proper names. Blanc's book was followed twenty years later by the Dizionario della Divina Commedia of Donato Bocci, a useful work, but marred by the introduction of a great deal of irrelevant matter, especially in the historical articles, which, by a strange freak on the part of the author, are brought down to the nineteenth century. In 1865 appeared the first three volumes of the Manuale Dantesco of Jacopo Ferrazzi, which were followed by a fourth volume in 1871, and by a fifth in 1877. This work (of which the four last volumes bear the sub-title of Enciclopedia Dantesca) contains a mass of useful information on all subjects connected with Dante. Its value, however, as a book of reference is seriously impaired by the total absence of method in the arrangement of the material, as well as by the fact that the indices appended to the several volumes are of the most meagre and unsatisfactory description. In the comprehensive Dizionario Dantesco of Giacomo Poletto an attempt is made for the first time systematically to cover the whole range of Dante's writings. The chief value of this work lies in the author's acquaintance with scholastic theology. It is unfortunately very incomplete; and, owing to the grave inaccuracies and misreferences with which it abounds, it must be used with great caution. Of these works I have availed myself to such limited extent as the scheme of the present volume would allow. I may take this opportunity of acknowledging my obligations to them. 1 Tables i-xxxi. 2 Table xxxviii. Vocabolario Dantesco, ou Dictionnaire Allighieri, par L. G. Blanc. Leipsic, 1852. Florence in 1859; fifth edition, 1896. Table xxxiii. 3 Table xxxii. "Dizionario Storico, Geografico, Universale, della Divina Commedia di Dante Alighieri, contenente la Biografia dei Personaggi, la Notizia dei Paesi, e la Spiegazione delle Cose più difficili del Sacro Poema, opera di Donato Bocci. Turin, 1873. A brief Biographical Guide to the Divina Commedia, by Frances Locock, appeared in the next year (London, 1874). Manuale Dantesco del Prof. Giuseppe Jacopo Ferrazzi. 5 vols. Bassano, 1865-77. • Dizionario Dantesco di quanto si contiene nelle Opere di Dante Allighieri, con richiami alla Somma Teologica di S. Tommaso d'Aquino, coll' illustrazione dei nomi propri mitologici, storici, geografici, e delle questioni più controverse, compilato dal Prof. D. Giacomo Poletto. 7 vols. Siena, 1885-7. PREFACE A few weeks before the completion of my own work Dr. Scartazzini published the first part of his Enciclopedia Dantesca1; of this book it is not my province to speak here. 2 My obligations, as far as modern commentaries on the Divina Commedia are concerned, are chiefly to those of Dr. Scartazzini and Prof. Casini 3, to the latter of which especially I am greatly indebted. I have also made frequent use of Mr. A. J. Butler's notes to his English version of Dante's poem ; and I have found much valuable information in Mr. W. W. Vernon's carefully compiled volumes on the Inferno and Purgatorio 5. Of the mediaeval commentaries I have, for general purposes, made most frequent reference to that of Benvenuto da Imola (in the handsome edition for which Dante students are indebted to the munificence of Mr. Vernon 6). In the case of local allusions I have, where possible, given the preference to the commentator best qualified by circumstances of birth or residence to supply the required information (as, for instance, to Jacopo della Lana and Benvenuto for Bologna, to Francesco da Buti for Pisa, and so on). The contemporary chronicles of Giovanni Villani and Dino Compagni have also, of course, been in constant requisition. To attempt to enumerate here, even in the most summary manner, the host of other authorities made use of in the course of the work (the majority of them 'scritti danteschi' published in the form of fugitive pieces) would be to trench on the province of the bibliographer, and would prove almost as onerous an undertaking as the proverbial 'doppiar degli scacchi.' References to the most important authorities, however, will be found in their proper places in the body of the Dictionary. As regards Dante's prose works, I have had for the most part to break new ground, the help afforded by the few existing commentaries being, as a rule, of the scantiest. The results of my own researches, which are necessarily given only in brief in the Dictionary, have been published from time to time in Romania, the Giornale Storico della Letteratura Italiana, the Academy, the 1 Dr. G. A. Scartazzini: Enciclopedia Dantesca-Dizionario critico e ragionato di quanto concerne la Vita e le Opere di Dante Alighieri. Vol. i. A-L. Milan, 1896. Vol. ii. (Parte prima) M-R. Milan, 1898. 2 La Divina Commedia di Dante Alighieri, riveduta nel testo e commentata da G. A. Scartazzini. vols. Leipzig, 1874-90. Edizione Minore, Milan, 1893; second edition, 1896. 3 La Divina Commedia di Dante Alighieri, con il commento di Tommaso Casini. (4ta edizione.) Florence, 1896. The Hell, Purgatory, and Paradise of Dante Alighieri, edited with Translation and Notes by Arthur John Butler. 3 vols. London, 1880-92. Readings on the Inferno and Purgatorio of Dante, chiefly based on the Commentary of Benvenuto da Imola, by the Honble. William Warren Vernon. 4 vols. London, 1889-97. Benevenuti de Rambaldis de Imola Comentum super Dantis Aldigherii Comoediam, nunc primum integre in lucem editum, sumptibus Guilielmi Warren Vernon, curante Jacobo Philippo Lacaita. 5 vols, Florence, 1887. 7 The edition used is that in 8 vols. published at Florence (Il Magheri) in 1823. Dino Compagni e la sua Cronica, per Isidoro del Lungo. 2 vols. Florence, 1879. What promises to be an exhaustive bibliography of Dante literature is in course of preparation by Mr. T. W. Koch, Librarian of the Dante Collection recently presented by Mr. Willard Fiske to the Cornell University Library (U.S.A.). PREFACE Athenaeum, the Reports of the Cambridge (U.S.A.) Dante Society, and other periodicals, to which references are supplied as occasion arises. I am indebted for valuable assistance on special points to several Oxford friends, members of the Oxford Dante Society, among whom I may mention the Principal of St. Edmund Hall (Rev. Dr. E. Moore), the Rector of Exeter College (Rev. Dr. W. W. Jackson), the Regius Professor of Modern History (Mr. F. York Powell, of Oriel College), the Quain Professor of English Literature at University College, London (Mr. W. P. Ker, of All Souls' College), Mr. Edward Armstrong, of Queen's College, Dr. Charles L. Shadwell, of Oriel College, and Rev. H. F. Tozer, of Exeter College. In the verification of Dante's numerous quotations from classical writers and from Scripture I have been largely helped by the exhaustive indices compiled by Dr. Moore, and recently published in the first series of his Studies in Dante1. I am glad to take this opportunity of expressing my acknowledgements to Dr. Moore for his generosity in allowing me the use of 'advanced sheets' of these indices, whereby I was enabled to check, and in many cases to supplement, my own reference-lists. I must also acknowledge my obligations to the Keeper of Printed Books (Dr. Richard Garnett), and the Keeper of Coins (Dr. Barclay V. Head), at the British Museum, who have courteously supplied me with information on subjects connected with their respective departments; as well as to Bodley's Librarian at Oxford (Mr. E. W. B. Nicholson), the Librarian of the Cambridge University Library (Mr. F. Jenkinson), M. Gaston Raynaud of the Bibliothèque Nationale at Paris, Professor Pio Rajna of Florence, and Professor Rodolfo Renier of Turin, for services of a similar nature; and to various writers in the Encyclopaedia Britannica (ninth edition) and in Dr. Smith's Classical Dictionary. I may mention, in conclusion, that I hope to deal later with the Vocabulary of the Divina Commedia, Canzoniere, Vita Nuova, and Convivio Se tanto lavoro in bene assommi! PAGET TOYNBEE. DORNEY WOOD, BUCKS. *** A few corrections and additions which were too late for insertion in the body of the work will be found under the heading of Corrigenda et Addenda on pp. 564-5. 1 Studies in Dante. First Series: Scripture and Classical Authors in Dante. By Edward Moore, D.D. Oxford, 1896. I have also availed myself of the labours of Mazzucchelli in this department for the Convivio, and of those of Witte for the De Monarchia. PREFACE CONTENTS CHAPTER-DIVISIONS IN VARIOUS EDITIONS OF THE De Monarchia NUMERATION OF THE Epistolae IN VARIOUS EDITIONS LIST OF ARTICLES DEALING WITH NOTABLE MATTERS OTHER THAN NAMES OF 615-616 References throughout are to the Oxford edition of the complete works of Dante. In order, however, index numbers) are given to the lines (numbered separately for each chapter) of the several treatises as = Cross-references are indicated by printing the name referred to between square brackets and in black |
